Operator is a special symbol that tells the compiler to perform specific mathematical or logical Operation.
- Arithmetic Operators
- Relational Operators
- Logical Operators
- Bitwise Operators
- Assignment Operators
- Ternary or Conditional Operators
- Shift Operators
- Unary Operators
- Comma Operator
Arithmetic Operators
Given table shows all the Arithmetic operator supported by C Language. Lets suppose variable A hold 8 and B hold 3.
| Operator | Example (int A=8, B=3) | Result |
|---|---|---|
| + | A+B | 11 |
| – | A-B | 5 |
| * | A*B | 24 |
| / | A/B | 2 |
| % | A%4 | 0 |
Relational Operators
Which can be used to check the Condition, it always return true or false. Lets suppose variable A hold 8 and B hold 3.
| Operators | Example (int A=8, B=3) | Result |
|---|---|---|
| < | A<B | False |
| <= | A<=10 | True |
| > | A>B | True |
| >= | A<=B | False |
| == | A== B | False |
| != | A!=(-4) | True |
Logical Operator
Which can be used to combine more than one Condition?. Suppose you want to combined two conditions A<B and B>C, then you need to use Logical Operator like (A<B) && (B>C). Here && is Logical Operator.
| Operator | Example (int A=8, B=3, C=-10) | Result |
|---|---|---|
| && | (A<B) && (B>C) | False |
| || | (B!=-C) || (A==B) | True |
| ! | !(B<=-A) | True |
Truth table of Logical Operator
| C1 | C2 | C1 && C2 | C1 || C2 | !C1 | !C2 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| T | T | T | T | F | F |
| T | F | F | T | F | T |
| F | T | F | T | T | F |
| F | F | F | F | T | T |
Assignment operators
Which can be used to assign a value to a variable. Lets suppose variable A hold 8 and B hold 3.
| Operator | Example (int A=8, B=3) | Result |
|---|---|---|
| += | A+=B or A=A+B | 11 |
| -= | A-=3 or A=A+3 | 5 |
| *= | A*=7 or A=A*7 | 56 |
| /= | A/=B or A=A/B | 2 |
| %= | A%=5 or A=A%5 | 3 |
| =a=b | Value of b will be assigned to a |
Shift Operators
Shift Operators are used to shift Bits of any variable. It is of three types,
- Left Shift Operator
<< - Right Shift Operator
>> - Unsigned Right Shift Operator
>>>
Bitwise Operators
There are used to change individual bits into a number. They work with only integral data types like char, int and long and not with floating point values.
- Bitwise AND operators
& - Bitwise OR operator
| - And bitwise XOR operator
^ - And, bitwise NOT operator
~
They can be used as shorthand notation too, & = , |= , ^= , ~= etc.
Unary Operators
These are the operators which work on only one operand. There are many unary operators, but increment ++ and decrement -- operators are most used.
Other Unary Operators : address of &, dereference *, new and delete, bitwise not ~, logical not !, unary minus - and unary plus +.
Ternary Operator
The ternary if-else ? : is an operator which has three operands.
int a = 10; a > 5 ? cout << "true" : cout << "false"
Comma Operator
This is used to separate variable names and to separate expressions. In case of expressions, the value of last expression is produced and used.
Example :
int a,b,c; // variables declaration using comma operator a=b++, c++; // a = c++ will be done.